Fuel injection apparatus



Jan. 26, 1960 Filed Feb. 6, 1956 c. H. NYSTROM 2,922,369 FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheer, 1

INVENTOR. CARL H. NYSTEOM A TTOPA/E )4 Jan. 26, 1960 c. H. NYSTROM 2,922,369

FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS Filed Feb. 6, 1956 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ZJH Fig.2. 29A 21 25 24A 26 g 29 Fig.3- Hlll 6 R I I3 23 Hll I'IA Q f? 7 lo u I"! |4B INVENTOR. 14s

CA1? L H NYST'EOM ig aug Jan. 26, 1960 c. H. NYSTROM FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet, 5

Filed Feb. 6, 1956 INVENTOR. CARL H. NYSTEOM ,7

BY $0044 W A TTOP/VEK United States FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS Carl H. Nystrom, West Springfield, Mass., assignor to American Bosch Arma Corporation, a corporation of New York This invention relates to new and useful improvements in reciprocating pumps and has particular reference to such pumps which embody spaced aligned cylinders or cylinder portions.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved device of the character described which eliminates the necessity of providing such pumps with spaced concentric cylinders or cylinders or cylinder portions and thereby greatly simplifies and facilitates the manufacture of such pumps which also reduces their cost to a considerable extent.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that changes may be made in the details of construction and arrangement of parts shown and described without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the accompanying claims as the preferred form has been given by way of illustration only.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional view of a device embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is an end view thereof;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 4 is a side view thereof partially in section; and

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 4 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring more particularly to the drawings wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout, the device shown embodying the invention is a fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines or the like and comprises a housing having a longitudinal bore consisting of spaced bore portions 11 and 12 on opposite sides of spill or fill and bypass chamber 13.

The housing 10 may be formed of any desired material having suflicient tensile strength, such as aluminum or cast iron.

Within bore 11 is positioned a pumping and distributing member designated generally at 14 and adapted to be reciprocated to pump fuel and rotated to distribute fuel. Pumping and distributing member 14 is provided with the Oldham coupling 15 or other connection for operatively connecting member 14 to an engine drive for effecting rotation of said member 14 and upon such rotation, face cam 16 engages a follower or roller not shown to eifeot pumping action of said member in bore 11. The return or suction stroke of member 14 is effected by spring 148.

Housing 10 is provided with inlet I and without the outlets 17 each of which is adapted to be connected by a tubing, not shown, to its respective engine cylinder for supplying fuel thereto and said outlets 17 are each connected to bore 11 by respective ducts or passages 17A.

Pumping and distributing member 14 has the hollow pumping portion 14A adjacent its end opposite face cam 16 and the distributing portion 14B. Pumping portion atent Patented Jan. 26, 1960 ice 2 14A and distributing portion 14B are connected by passage or duct 14C in which may be positioned a delivery valve 14D.

Distributing portion 14B is also provided with a radial distributing port 14E adapted to communicate with passage or duct 14C and adapted to communicate with each of the ports for the passages or ducts 17A successively upon rotation of member 14.

Member 14 is also provided with a radial bypass or spill port 18 which also communicates with pumphead groove 18A and adapted to spill fuel into chamber 13 to thereby control the quantity of fuel injected by the pump. The quantity of fuel spilled or bypassed is controlled by sleeve 19 which surrounds member 14 adjacent spill or bypass port 18 and is adjustable relative to said port 18.

In hollow portion 23 of member 14A is positioned the reduced extension 24 of member 25.

The working cylinder in bore 11 and 12 for member 14 is provided by the cylinder members 20 and 21 provided in bore sections 11 and 12 respectively.

Cylinder 20 is fixed in bore 11 and is formed of suitable material, preferably harder than the material of housing 10 although this cylinder 20 could be integral with housing 10 depending upon the material of which housing 10 is constructed.

Cylinder 21 is a separately formed cylinder or bushing or barrel placed in bore 12 and cylinder 21 is provided with the peripheral flange 22 to limit the movement of cylinder 21 in bore 12 and thereby insure its remaining in operative position relative to pumping portion 14A of member 14. Cylinder 21 is preferably of a material harder than the material of housing 10, thus with cylinders 20 and 21 of suitably hard or low friction material, such as alloy steels, hardenable cast irons or low friction bearing materials and therefore a wider range of materials may be employed for housing 10.

Cylinder 21 is free to move axially within the range permitted by flange 22 and spring 26 which engages cylinder 21 and is retained in operative position by threaded cap or the like 24A.

It will be seen that cylinder 21 is also free to rotate in bore 12 and thus wear by pumping portion 14A on cylinder 21 will be more evenly distributed on the inner surface of the cylinder.

With cylinder 21 made as described above, it is not necessary to hone two spaced aligned bores which has been found diflicult and expensive.

It will be noted that spring 26 urges cylinder 21 in a direction whereby it will oppose movement of the cylinder by said pumping and distributing member on its pumping stroke.

Cap member 24A has its inner surface in engagement with the adjacent end of plug 25 which is formed-with the peripheral flange 27 which forms a seat for spring 26.

Plug member 25 is also provided with the peripheral groove 28 in barrel or cylinder 21 and in groove 28 is positioned the 0 ring 29 to seal the end of the pumping chamber. Ring 29A is fitted in a groove in the periphery of cap 24 for further sealing of the bore.

The position of sleeve 19 relative to spill groove 18A is controlled by means of a control designated generally at 30 in Figs. 2 and 4 and which is connected to sleeve 19 by means of rotatable shaft 31 having the eccentric pin 32 fitting into an opening in the sleeve whereby rotation of shaft 31 by lever 33 will adjust sleeve 19 along member 14.

The construction and operation of control 30, which is the subject of my application Serial No. 543,943, filed October 31, 1955, comprises housing 30A containing cylinder 30B in which is positioned piston 30C which is operatively connected to lever 33 by means of link 30]),

The control is provided with the springs 30B and 30F with spring 3013 having one end engaging the inner surface ofpiston 30C and its opposite endengaging piston and; stop memberSOG. V

Spring member WI-Ids provided with spring 341E and is shorter than spring 30E and, therefore, adapted to operate only after movement of piston 300 a su'fiicient distance for spring "30H to engage member 306 with one end andthe inner surface of piston 30C with its opposite end. Cylinder 30B is connected'by 1ine30 to a source of modulated engine vacuum whereupon changes in said vacuum, .upon movement of the throttle varies the position of piston-30C, against the force of springs to vary the setting of sleeve 19 and thereby vary the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump.

The stop or piston member 506 is in a continuation of cylinder 30B or a separate cylinder as desired, beyond the connection of line 39] tocylinder 30B. Cylinder 303 is connected beyond piston 306 to a source of engine manifold vacuum by line 30M and the movement of piston 30G by manifold vacuum is opposed by spring SON.

The modulated engine vacuum isaiways a little slower in acting than the true engine vacuum. 7

'During the cranking of the engine a very low vacuum is provided and, the efore, the springs -30Eand 30H move the piston '30C'to a position whereby the pump control lever 33 can provide a rich mixture;for st arting the engine. 5

When the engine starts, the modulated vacuum increases depending on starting conditions and the true engine vacuum through line 30M is higher ;than the modulated engine vacuum in line 301, however, the force of spring 30F is suflicient to counteract vacuum in line 30M.

In the form of the control 30 shown in Fig. 4, a ternperature compensating member 40 is provided in the connection between lever 33 and shaft 31 whereby-the relative position of the shaft and lever will automatically be adjusted to compensatefor the necessity of additional fuel for starting and running the engine when cold.

Temperature compensating member 40 fcomprises a coiled flat bimetallic member having one end secured in a slot in stud or the like 41 on lever 33 and its opposite end secured in a slot on the end of shaft 31. In this construction the lever 33 is not otherwise keyed to shaft 31 whereby member 40 will vary themelation of the control 30 and sleeve 19 according to the temperature of the air in the engine compartment surrounding the engine and pump and which air is drawn into the interior of the chamber containing compensating member .40 through vent 42 which may be turned inwardly as shown inFig. .1 .or outstanding as shown in Fig. 5. I

As .the air, whichis drawing into the interior of the chamber becomes warmer .due to the running of the engine, the bimetallic or compensating member 40 will modify the relative position of sleeve 19.and the pump control accordingly.

The pressure regulating valve R regulates the pressure of fuel in chamber 13 and fuel passing val ve R vis .returned to the tank through outlet 0.

The operation of the apparatus is believed sufficiently clear from the foregoing description.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that I have provided new and improved means for obtaining all of the objects and advantages of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a deviceof the character described, a housing having a bore, a pumping and distributing member m unte e .tegi t cat a rotationgin a re said member having a portion tor pumping fuel and aportion for distributing fuel, a fuel passage connecting said pumping portion with ,said distributing portion, outlet means communicating with said distributing portion and adapted to deliver fuel received from said distributing portion, a fixed cylinder surrounding said distributing portion of said pumping and distributing member and a loosely mounted cylinder surroundiug said pumping portion .of said member. i

:2. Inna device of the character described, a housing having a bore, a pumping and distributing member mounted for reciprocation and rotation in said bore, said member having a'portion for pumping fuel and a portion for distributing fuel, a fuel passage connecting said pumping portion with said distributing portion, outlet means communicating with said distributing portion and adapted to deliver fuel received" from said distributing portion, a fixed cylinder surrou'ndingsaid distributing portion of said pumping and distributing member and a loosely mounted cylinder surrounding said pumping portion of said member, and resilient means engaging said loosely mountedcylinder. H i 5' i '3.;In a device of the character described, a housing having a bore, a" pumping and distributing member mounted for reciprocation and rotation in saidbore, said member having a portioniforpumping fuel and a portion for distributing "fuelf'a fuel passage connecting said pumping portion with saiddistributing portion, outlet means communicating with said distributing portion and adapted to deliver fuel received from said distributing portion, a fixed cylindcrtsurrounding said distributing portion of said pumping anddistributing member and a loosely mounted cylinder surrounding said pumping portion of said member, saidhousing being of a relatively soft material and said cylinder being of a relatively harder material than saidhousing.

References Cited inthe file of this patent UNITED SIATES PATENTS 813,536 Thier Feb. 27, 1906 2,040,707 Palmer May 12, 193. 2,203,885 Wilchen et a1. June 11, 1 940 2,245,562 Becker June 17, 19.41- 2,351,908 Beeh June20,-1944 2,459,303 Baker Jan. 18, .1949 2,516,828 Reggio July 25, 1950 2,544,561 Meyer m Mar. '6, 1951 2,657,631 Evans Nov. 3, 1953 FOREIGN PATENT S 437,012 Great Britain Oct; 22, 1935 843,331 Germany July 7, 1952 

